1250s in England

Events from the 1250s in England.

Incumbents

Monarch - King Henry III

Events

• 1250
  • Gascons revolt against English governor Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester.^[1]
  • First written reference to Summer is icumen in, one of the oldest known English song lyrics.^[2]
• 1251
  • May - de Montfort suppresses the revolt in Gascony.^[1]
  • 26 December - King Alexander III of Scotland marries Margaret, daughter of King Henry III of England, precipitating a power struggle between the two monarchs.^[2]
• 1252
  • September - Henry receives a gift of a polar bear from Norway, which he allows to swim in the Thames.^[2]
  • Gascon leaders travel to England to put their case against Simon de Montfort, who eventually resigns.^[2]
• 1253
  • 6 August - Expedition to Gascony to repel a rumoured invasion from Castile.^[2]
  • de Montford returns to England where he allies himself with barons who oppose Henry III.^[1]
  • The Domus Conversorum established in London for Jewish converts to Christianity.
• 1254
  • 11 February - Parliament is summoned, for the first time including elected representatives; two knights from each shire.^[2]
  • 1 April - Treaty of Toledo ensures peace between England and Castile.^[2]
  • 26 April - A Parliament assembles which refuses to grant a subsidy to Henry III.^[1]
  • 10 October - Edward Plantagenet marries Eleanor of Castile. His father Henry III had demanded the marriage in exchange of ending the war with her brother Alfonso X of Castile.
• 1255
  • Llewelyn the Last becomes sole ruler of northern Wales.^[2]
  • August - Henry III has his supporters put in control of the Scottish regency council.^[2]
  • In an example of blood libel, nineteen Jews of Lincoln are executed on suspicion of being involved in a boy's murder.^[2]
  • King Louis IX of France gifts Henry with an elephant, which he keeps in the Tower of London.^[2]
• 1256
  • Earliest recorded endowment of Abingdon School.^[3]
• 1257
  • 13 January - Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall elected King of the Romans.^[1]
  • August - A gold penny is introduced, but swiftly withdrawn when it proves too valuable to use.^[2]
• 1258
  • 2 May - Simon de Montfort, together with six other barons, forces King Henry III to accept legal reforms.^[1]
  • 12 June - Provisions of Oxford enacted, creating an elected Council of barons to advise the King.^[2]
  • 27 October–4 November - The Oxford Parliament assembles.
  • Irish, assisted by Scottish gallowglasses, halt the English advance westward through Ireland.^[2]
  • Consecration of the newly rebuilt Salisbury Cathedral.^[2]
• 1259
  • 1 August - Henry III makes peace with Llywelyn the Last, now claiming the title "Prince of Wales".^[1]
  • 13 October - The Provisions of Westminster enacted, reforming the legal system.^[1]
  • 4 December - By the Treaty of Paris, Henry III renounces his claim to Normandy to Louis IX of France.^[1]

Births

• 1252
  • Eleanor de Montfort, princess of Wales (died 1282)

Deaths

• 1250
  • 8 February - William II Longespee, crusader (born c. 1212)
• 1253
  • 9 October - Robert Grosseteste, statesman and theologian (born c. 1175)
  • Saint Richard of Chichester (born 1197)
• 1254
  • William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby (born 1193)
  • Silvester de Everdon, bishop (year of birth unknown)
• 1255
  • 1 May - Walter de Gray, prelate and statesman (year of birth unknown)
  • Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln (born 1247)
• 1256
  • William of Kilkenny, Lord Chancellor (year of birth unknown)
  • Johannes de Sacrobosco, scholar (born c. 1195)
• 1259
  • 18 November - Adam Marsh, scholar and theologian (born c. 1200)
  • Matthew Paris, chronicler (born c. 1200)

References

See also